瑞士小记者 环境的力量——父母眼中的Joe
瑞士小记者 环境的力量——父母眼中的Joe 序言：2019年Joe通过雷梭勒家族办公室教育事业部的协助加入了莱蒙国际学校10年级，成为一名优秀的学生。在老师眼里Joe总是那么阳光自信，积极参加学校的各种活动，结伴各国学生。在同学眼里的Joe品学兼优，经常热心地帮助朋友一起解决学业上及生活上的问题。Joe即将在今年夏天结束自己在莱蒙的第一学年的学习。Joe的妈妈特撰此文，将自己眼中的儿子的模样，以及入读莱蒙后孩子最真实的变化与感受分享给我们。 见证孩子成长，树立人生目标 Joe从小就是一个爱好广泛的男孩。他爱看书、爱运动、爱下棋、爱听音乐、爱唱歌、爱探索、爱思考、爱听历史评书、爱和朋友们玩卡牌游戏.....在孩子的成长过程中我们非常注重培养他的独立学习能力以及良好的学习、生活习惯，他一直以来学习目标明确、学习效率很高。但随着年龄的慢慢长大，他渴望接受更适合他的、全面发展并富有挑战性的教育。初中毕业，在雷梭勒家族办公室的帮助下Joe如愿开启了他梦寐以求的瑞士高中留学生活。 Joe在国内一直在公立学校就读，但我们从他一年级起，就给他灌输地球村的概念，培养他国际化的思维，因为随着中国不断发展开放，零零后长大一定要融入国际化的发展洪流。我们非常注重Joe的英语学习，从小带着他读英文图书、了解世界文化，利用假期参与国际游学活动，提高国际文化认同感和英语运用能力。Joe非常渴望去瑞士读书，在申请面试时，十分积极主动，尽全力用英语表达自己的想法，顺利通过了学校的面试。中考完的暑假，为了突破德语零基础，又上了一个多月的德语学习班。眼看即将开学，看着Joe自信满满的样子，作为家长的我还是紧张地为他捏了一把汗。 父母在，不远游，游必有方 儿行千里母担忧，身为家长的我们担心他毕竟不是国际学校学生，去了英语交流能力差，听不懂课、成绩跟不上、自信心受到打击怎么办？生活中遇到问题无法沟通解决怎么办？万一生病了，不会给医生表达清楚怎么办......我带着忐忑不安的心情送Joe到了学校，参加了两天的开学典礼活动，就离开了，留下他一人闯他的新世界。回国后，我们每天与他沟通，小心翼翼的鼓励着他，生怕他从我们家长的话语中听出我们的担心与不安，影响他在新环境中成长的自信。Joe倒是总回复说：“非常好！没问题！不用担心！” 循序渐进，脚踏实地 很快，一个月过去了，Joe激动地给我们说：“妈妈，今天开住宿生大会，老师的全英文讲话我居然全部都听懂了！”果然在国际环境潜移默化的影响下，孩子的语言能力提高神速。语言适应期的第一个月中，听得懂才是最重要的第一步。慢慢地，Joe无论是在英语写作还是在口语表达上都上了一个台阶，每周都会用英文给父母写一篇周报，讲述身边发生的故事。Joe似乎摸索出了学校的学习规律。在莱蒙学校，学生们都是一边学习新的知识，一边也要对旧的知识进行复习，几乎每周都要考试，每次测试的平均分就是这个学期的最终成绩。对于上进心强的孩子来说，每一堂课的听讲和测试都马虎不得。 度过了适应期，看着Joe每天都乐在其中，我们也甚是欣慰。这意味着他已经开启并融入了全新的独立生活，自己管理自己的物品、自己洗衣服、照顾自己，老师和宿舍家长都是训练有素的教育专家。Joe的独立性、学业、心理、身体、国际视野都在稳步提升。转眼，第二学期已经结束。Joe也完全适应了留学生活，把自己的时间安排的高效并张弛有度，结识了来自世界各地的朋友，参与了很多以前从未体验的活动，学习也从逐步适应到取得High Honor的优异成绩。 环境助力成长，距离产生美好 14岁的男孩，褪去了可爱，只留下追求成熟和自我的倔强，他的青涩在青春期被无限放大，与家长之间的大、小冲突在所难免。瑞士留学之路虽然拉开了我们之间的距离，却使我们的心贴的更近，交流更顺畅。青春期的孩子，心理陪伴比物理陪伴来得更重要！对于身为家长的我来说，离开了朝夕相处14年的儿子，也从围着孩子为中心的生活，逐步调整自己的生活规律，也像Joe一样重新开启了另一个新的生活篇章。环境真是个神奇的力量，环境会带来很多改变，但选择好的环境却至关重要，期待并相信Joe在新的环境里变为越来越好的自己！同时，Joe也像我的眼睛，让我有了新的视角认识世界，感谢Joe的热情和永不服输、乐于挑战的勇气，也感谢瑞士教育可以让Joe在国际化的舞台上拓宽视野增长见识，成为更优秀的人！ 该文章转载自雷梭勒家族办公室，如有侵权，敬请告知删除。 Original English Texts Joe has been a boy with wide interests since he was a child. He loves reading, sport, chess, music, singing, exploring, thinking, listening to historical storytelling, playing card games with friends... During his childhood, we attached great importance to his independent learning ability and good habits in study and living. He had always had clear goals in what he wants to learn and studied with efficiency. But as he grew older, he was eager to receive a more comprehensive and challenging education that best suits him. After graduating from junior high school, with the help of La Soleille Family Office, Joe’s dream of studying in an international school in Switzerland came true. Joe had been studying in public schools in China, but we had instilled in him the concept of a global village since the first day in school and encouraged his global thinking. We believed that with Chinas continuous development and opening up, his generation must be integrated into international community. To help him learn English, we gave him many English books to read which helped him to understand different cultures in the world. Since he was young, we had sent him for study tours during school holidays to improve his international cultural identity and ability to use English. Joe was very eager to study in Switzerland. In his interview with the CDL, he was very motivated and did his best to express his thoughts in English and passed the school interview smoothly. In the summer vacation after the high school entrance examination, in order to break through the zero basics of German, he took a German course for more than a month. Time flies and the school open day of CDL is approaching. Seeing Joes self-confidence, as a parent, I still worry a lot about his new life. “If you have to travel afar, then go with a reason.” A Chinese saying goes, "a mother worries about her children traveling thousands of miles." As parents, we are worried that he is not an international school student after all. What if he cannot communicate well in English? Can he fully understand the teachings in the classes? What if he fails to keep up with academy study? Will he suffer from self-confidence? If he is sick, will he be able to express clearly to the doctor... I sent Joe to the school with anxiety, took part in the two-day opening ceremony, and then left, leaving him to break into his new world alone. After returning to China from Switzerland, we talked with Joe every day to give him encouragement. We were very careful, just for fear that he would feel our worries and anxiety from our words which may affect his confidence in his life in the new environment. Nevertheless, Joe always replied, "Very good! No problem! Dont worry!" Even though we could see him sharing photos of exciting and dazzling activities on weekends and enjoying his life every day, as parents, we all had doubts. Was he really doing so well? We knew that the change from the Chinese education system to an international system lectured in English was actually quite a big challenge. The changes in the living environment and the teaching language would have big impact to a childs academic performance. But we didnt see Joe having any problem on this. He appeared to be curious about everything. He wanted to participate in every event that he hadnt experienced before. Every time he participated, he would share with me and dad his experiences, and that he had made a lot of international friends. It seemed that he was truly integrated into the “Little United Nations”. Soon, a month passed, Joe called us excitedly: "Mom, I had a boarding student conference today, I can understand the full English speeches of the teacher!" Sure enough, in such an internationalized environment, the childs language ability had improved rapidly. In the first month of the language adaptation period, understanding is the most important first step. Step by step, Joe had made some progress in both English writing and oral expression, and he would write a weekly report in English to us about the story that happened around him. Joe seemed to have figured out the rules of school learning. At CDL, students learn new knowledge with review old knowledge at the same time. They take exams almost every week. The average score of each test is the final grade of this semester. For motivated children, the test of each class is very important. Joe has passed the adaptation period and we are very relieved to see him enjoying his life every day. This means that he has started and integrated into a new independent life, managing his own items and washing his own clothes by himself, and taking care of himself. The teacher and dormitory parents are all well-trained education experts. We have seen steady development in his independence and academic study, as well as from psychological, physical and international outlook perspectives. In a flash, the second semester is over. Joe is also fully adapted to his study abroad, and has organized his time efficiently while enjoying his relaxations. He has made friends with people from all over the world, participated in many activities that he has never experienced before, and his study has gradually improved from adaption period to achieving outstanding results of High Honor. “Environment makes you grow. Distance makes good things happen.” The 14-year-old boy whose cuteness has faded away, has left in him only rigid pursuit of maturity and ego. His immaturity was infinitely amplified during adolescence, and big or small conflicts with parents are inevitable. Although the road to study abroad in Switzerland has kept us apart, it has made our hearts closer and our communication smoother. In adolescent children, psychological companionship is more important than physical companionship! For me, as a parent, without my 14-year-old son by my side, I have gradually adjusted my life pattern from a child-centered life, and started a new chapter in my life, just like Joe did. The environment always has its magical power which brings a lot of changes, and choosing a good environment is very important. We expect and believe that Joe will become a better self in the new environment! At the same time, Joe is also like my eyes, who...
《传承宝典》34——家庭顾问帮您制定传承规划
《传承宝典》34 家庭顾问帮您制定传承规划 导语 精心构建的传承规划可以降低家族传承过程中可能遇到的风险，其重要性不言而喻。但是这一最终法宝却往往被家族和家族传承顾问忽视，无法发挥作用。常言道“富不过三代”，但是何以至此鲜为人知。财富传承失败最主要的原因是家庭内部沟通的不畅，追根溯源则是财富传承之前未能做好充分的规划。 现在的经济社会强调风险管理，具体来说，关注银行信用危机和市场信心瓦解时家族企业和其投资组合的脆弱性。因此，越来越多的越来越复杂的风控产品在理财经理的推动下应运而生。长期来看，家族最大的风险其实来自内部，轻则让家族迷失发展方向、造成领导力的缺失，重则导致家族内部战争的爆发，家族成员为取得资产、遗产或领导地位而大打出手。当家族传承至第三代甚至第四代时，很可能家族继承人已经很难理解家族奠基人在创造家庭财富时的工作理念和价值观了。因此，传承规划是家族规避长期风险的最佳方式。虽不能百分之百保证财富能够永远代代相传，但是可以大大提升传承的成功率，家庭成员也能够在追求个人发展的同时享受作为家庭和社会成员的权利和义务。所以为何人们会将大把的时间和精力投入在平庸无奇的风控产品上，却对风控制胜法宝——传承规划熟视无睹？ 1. 传承规划缺失的后果 传承规划没有做好的后果多到数不清，大家心里都非常清楚。最典型的莫过于家族掌门人去世后兄弟姐妹间的勾心斗角，或是关于家族企业参与者间“卖与不卖”的无限纷争。谋权篡位随时上演，各种不满现行战略方针的噪声也随之而来：有人支持主推核心业务，就有人倡导激进扩张和多样性战略。不论如何权衡，精力的耗费肯定少不了。家族成员的想法也各不相同。有人希望保留奠基人的创业基调，将家族财富统一管理，投资新兴的高风险高收益项目；有人却对此不以为意，更倾向于由专业的理财经理独立管理。受到以上问题影响的不仅仅是家族企业和家庭财富，家族本身也深受其害，因为各方都需要努力游说其他家庭成员以获得更多支持。很可惜，从往例来看，往往风险最大的选项呼声最高。除家族企业战略制定外，是否有能力管理家族企业也是不容忽视的问题，很有可能家族的下一代继承人没有能力接受运营起如此庞大的家族企业，既无法胜任企业经理也无法胜任企业所有人。如果没有清晰的决策机制，且奠基人未确立明确的企业目标让继承人在此基础上微调，以上所有列出、未列出的风险都将急剧发酵。传承规划的缺失有可能导致家庭分裂，甚至对家族财富的致命打击，所以很难理解为何有些能力强、天赋高的企业家会对最基本的传承原则视而不见，将自己辛辛苦苦一辈子积累起的大笔财富置于危险境地。但是，也已经有人先行一步。 2. 传承规划缺失的背后原因 有人说，制定传承规划过程中最大的阻碍是现任掌门人认为自己可以一直经营下去，或者说不愿意面对“人终有一死”和“无能为力”的现实。实际上，制定传承规划的困难之处远比这复杂，因为有太多艰难的决定在等待答案，有些直关企业，有些掺杂着难以剥离的情感因素，有些还会造成父子间、兄弟姐妹间，甚至夫妻间的分歧。就算这些问题都能解决，也不能保证结果一定是完美的。很多企业家表示，传承财富比创造财富还要难，但是这可能指的是流程化的传承。这种流程会在做决策时完全提出情感因素，因此有可能会导致日后的反目和疏远。因此，事先确定传承标准，可以让过程更加客观，避免让家庭成员觉得某位成员格外受宠。 3. 传承规划与家族治理的关键因素 起草传承规划的第一步当然是从财富的创造者开始，或者继任的家族领袖。但是，这种说法遭到了很多专家的反对，他们认为利益相关度较高的成员也应参与部分制定过程。这些成员应有发言权，与其他制定传承规划的家庭成员一道确定一系列价值规范、家族目标、治理框架等。以上，是第一步的任务。 传承规划中应覆盖三个主要因素： 财富的定义 如何定义财富，只需问自己一个简单的问题“财富是为了什么？”财富是为了后代的生活质量得到保障吗？如果是的话，你应该怎样确保财富能够切实的提高他们的生活质量，毕竟已经有很多研究显示继承遗产缺没有能力支配遗产对继承者反而有害。对于部分家庭来说，很多财富是附着于某项资产上的，比如家族企业、不动产或者艺术收藏品，财富创始人是希望这些资产能够完整保存的。如果这才是财富的目的，那需要在传承规划中明确的说明这一点，以避免未来可能的纷争。另外，传承规划中还需说明财富是否/何时可以用来激励家族成员的创业精神或其它创新行动，或者是否/何时可以用于慈善事业。不论财富的目的如何，创始人都一定会希望自己留下的财富能够鼓励后代建立起积极的工作价值观，减少财富被挥霍一空、后代迷失自我的可能性。 财富的分配 接下来的问题是，如何在家庭成员间合理分配财富。“公平与平等”说起来简单做起来难，现实情况下很难定义如何才是公平与平等。有人认为财富应该在下一代继承人中平等分配，但是也有人认为承担带领家族企业走得更远、更好管理家族资产责任的继承人应该获得更多财富。因此，应当明确家族领导者的责任所在，并制定机制保护其他家庭成员的利益。有的家庭会有一个专门的“储钱罐”，用于激励和支持有天赋的、有想法的家族成员，或用于帮助某些家庭成员度过难关。如果没有指导性的方针规划，每一个决定都有可能导致家族的分崩离析。 决策机制 决策过程对于一个家族的未来至关重要。很多富裕家庭的资产是依赖于各种各样的“载体”的，常见的比如公司和信托。各个载体都有各自的目标，各自的董事会/受托人，各自的管理方式。但是很多家庭也已经意识到了家族宪章的优势，能够将家族作为一个整体规划宏观目标和决策机制。沟通需要两步，首先是家庭会议（全部家庭成员，意见仅供参考），其次是家庭理事会（决策代表，行使决策权力）。对于家族企业占据大部分资产的家庭来说，家族与企业的关系就变得尤为重要，制定用来规范在家族企业中就职的家庭成员的规章制度也变得非常关键。 4. 家庭顾问/ 受托人的职责 以上问题只是富裕家庭/个人需要考虑的部分事项，此外还要加上税收、法务等常见问题，对于资产结构复杂、尤其是资产遍布多个法律管辖地的家庭。正如文章开篇提到，很多财富创造者不愿意面对上述问题，一拖再拖，直到为时已晚。导致这样的事情发生，家庭顾问也要承担一半的责任，没有明确、坚决地把制定传承规划提上日程，并确认收到家族的积极反馈。还有很多专家虽然支持家族继承规划，但是是否每个家庭顾问都需要承担这样的责任，还是要画个问号。 5. 小结 抛开对细节的合理质疑，在大部分情况下，有效的传承规划能为富裕家庭带来巨大收益。所以制定传承规划只是时间早晚的问题，最大的困难也不过是让家庭成员同意制定传承规划，让制定流程启动起来。这份规划的考虑范围以及涉及到的家庭成员范围，将取决于财富创造者或现任家族领袖的意愿。尽管通常来看，利益相关的下一代继承人也应有发言建议权，但是往往不建议这样做。或者，家族创始人也许会考虑从一开始就设定几条规则，先制定出适合畅所欲言的讨论机制。 Original English Texts The Key Role of Advisers in Succession Planning The role of properly structured succession planning in reducing the risks to family wealth is beyond dispute. Yet this most important of all risk management tools is too often overlooked, both by the families themselves and their advisers. It is a well-known fact that most family fortunes fail to survive more than three generations. Less well known is that the prime cause of wealth destruction is a breakdown of communication within the family, which often results from failure to plan adequately for passing on the wealth from one generation to the next. In the current economic environment there is a great deal of focus on
the management of risk and, in particular, the potential vulnerability
of the family business or the investment portfolio to a further banking
crisis and a collapse in market confidence. Increasingly sophisticated
risk management tools are promoted by wealth managers and private banks
for this purpose. In the longer term, the biggest risk of all is a failure within the family itself which, at its mildest, results in a loss of direction and leadership and, at its worst, can result in a full scale family war as different family members fight each other for the assets, the legacy or the family leadership. By the third or fourth generation the chances are very high that those who inherit were brought up in luxury with little concept of the work ethic on which the family fortune was founded. Succession planning is therefore the most important tool of long-term risk management. It does not guarantee the preservation of wealth through the generations, but it can and does improve the chances that the wealth will survive, in an environment which enables family members to flourish as individuals, as part of the family unit and as members of society. Why is it, therefore, that whilst so much time and resource is commonly allocated to other, less important risk management tools, far too little attention is given to the most important tool of all – succession planning? The Consequences of Failure to Plan The consequences of failure to plan are well known, and far too numerous to list. Perhaps the most obvious are disputes between siblings on the death of the founder or disputes between those who are involved in the family business and those who want it sold. There is also jockeying for position within the business and disagreement about its strategic direction, some perhaps preferring to stick to the core activity, whilst others advocate a more risky expansion and diversification strategy, involving substantial leverage.There may be family members who want to use family wealth to invest in new ventures, following in the entrepreneurial footsteps of the founder, whilst others have no interest in business and prefer the wealth to be independently managed by professional managers. All this can have an impact not only on the business and the family wealth, but on the family itself, as the key protagonists try to lobby other family members for support. Sadly, in most instances, those who advocate the greatest risks have the loudest and most persuasive voices. In addition to business strategy, there is the simple issue of management competence and the danger that the next generation does not have the talent to run a large business, either as managers or as owners.All of these risks and many more, are greatly magnified by the lack of a clear framework for making decisions and a clear set of objectives which have been originated by the founder and renewed by successive generations.The potential for damaging divisions and perhaps catastrophic wealth destruction is so obvious that it is hard to understand why an exceptionally able and talented human being, who has spent a lifetime putting together a large fortune, would ignore many of the basic principles of handing it down to the next generation. Yet many otherwise brilliant men and women do just that. Reasons for Failure to Plan Some say that the biggest obstacle to succession planning is the typical entrepreneur’s belief in his or her own immortality, or to put it the other way round, a reluctance to face up to his own death or incapacity.In truth, the answer is more complex, in that there are many hard decisions to be made, some...
身份规划之英国篇：英国税制与税务居民认定浅析
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