发布时间：2022-04-22
瑞士生活｜瑞士宗教性节日
导语
在瑞士，不仅有很多全国性节日，还有不少宗教性、地方性节日，这些节日往往只在瑞士特定的州和地区才有，这也意味着瑞士各州的公共节假日不尽相同。
瑞士的宗教性节日颇多，因此只有在以天主教为主要宗教的各州才会举办相关庆祝活动。事实上，瑞士的国家节假日（或瑞士公共假日）非常受人重视，为此，几乎所有的商店和公共机构都会关门或暂停营业。
如果瑞士的国家节假日是在星期二或星期四，人们可以在星期一或星期五休假，度过一个长周末。
复活节（Easter）
2022年4月15日（星期五）、17日（星期日）和18日（星期一）
1. 背景
复活节是基督教最重要的节日之一，纪念基督在十字架受刑死后的第三天复活。
基督教的复活节庆祝活动起源于犹太教的逾越节，是为了纪念希伯来人离开埃及。而对于相信耶稣是弥赛亚的基督徒来说，复活节则是为了纪念耶稣的复活。上帝之子基督，通过自己的死亡与复活，帮助人类摆脱了邪恶，获得了救赎。复活节的意义正是生命战胜死亡。
2. 传统习俗
虽然每个国家都有自己的传统和文化，但复活节通常是一个家庭聚会的日子，无论是否是基督徒。
复活节的传统和象征随着时间的推移也在不断演变，有些甚至已经存在了几个世纪。基督教节日中最突出的世俗象征是复活节兔子。兔子是繁衍和新生的古老象征，代表着春天这个季节。此外，还有装饰鸡蛋并将其挂在树上、猎蛋、复活节游行仪式、吃复活节糖果等其他传统都是这个早春节日的庆祝活动。
尽管在瑞士，某些复活节传统正在慢慢消失，但当地居民已经开始倡议保护这些传统。其中一些传统也已发展成为旅游景点和公共聚会，人们能够因此而相聚一堂，享受美好时光，庆祝复活节。
耶稣升天节（Ascension）
2022年5月26日（星期四）
1. 背景
耶稣升天节标志着上帝之子耶稣基督在复活后升天。耶稣升天节定于复活节40天后的星期四，不仅标志着耶稣在世间事情的结束，也能令人回忆起使徒事奉的开始。尽管基督徒们所使用的日历历法不同，但无论是在瑞士还是其他地方，他们都在同一天庆祝耶稣升天节。
2. 今天的习俗
这个节日很快就变得非常重要。在法国，在拿破仑·波拿巴和教皇皮乌斯七世签署协约时，耶稣升天节仍然是与圣诞节、圣母升天节以及万圣节并列的四大法定节日之一。这就意味着，即使这些日子本身不在星期日，也能成为像星期日一样的休息日。在这些日子里，人们不需要工作，而是要在教堂里举行盛大的宴会和庆祝活动！
五旬节（Pentecost）
2022年6月5日（星期日）
1. 背景
五旬节也是一个基督教节日，为了庆祝在复活节后第五十天，圣灵降临在了一群拿撒勒人耶稣的门徒和十二使徒身上，这段故事被记录在了《圣经》的《使徒行传》中。
2. 今天的习俗
如今，五旬节不像复活节那样被广泛庆祝。只有少数国家和瑞士的几个州承认它是一个公共节假日。这个节日在东正教中被称为五旬节或圣灵星期一。由于计算复活节日期的方法不同，东正教会日历中的五旬节日期也与其他西方教会有所不同。
结语
尽管宗教在瑞士越来越不受重视，大多数人可能不再知道这些日子代表什么，但这些传统仍然是瑞士文化生活中的重要元素。例如，在瑞士的许多城市，受难日期间举行“聚会”或过分制造音乐噪音是违法的，因为这一天被视为“哀悼日”。现在，人们通常利用这些机会来放松休息或与家人待在一起，因为这些都是瑞士的法定公共假日。
Easter Holidays in Switzerland
Introduction
While there are some Swiss holidays observed across the nation, certain religious holidays and local holidays are only marked in specific cantons and regions around Switzerland. However, this means that not all cantons across Switzerland have the same Swiss public holidays.
Many Swiss holidays are religious and thus usually observed only in the cantons where Catholicism is the main religion. National holidays in Switzerland (or Swiss bank holidays) are taken very seriously, in fact, with almost all shops and public institutions closed.
If a Swiss national holiday falls on a Tuesday or a Thursday, workers may take either the Monday or Friday off to create a long weekend.
Easter – Friday, Sunday & Monday 15,17 & 18 April 2022
1. Background
Easter is the most important Christian celebration. It commemorates the resurrection of Christ on the third day after his crucifixion.
The Christian celebration of Easter has its roots in the Jewish Passover, which commemorates the exit of the Hebrew people from Egypt. For Christians, who believe that Jesus is the Messiah, Easter commemorates the resurrection of Jesus. Through his death and resurrection, Christ, the Son of God, redeems man from the bondage of evil and sin. The meaning of Easter is the victory of life over death.
2. Traditional Customs
Although each country has its own traditions and culture, easter is usually a time where families get together whether Christians or not.
Easter traditions and symbols have evolved over time, though some have been around for centuries. The most prominent secular symbol of the Christian holiday is the Easter bunny. Other traditions such as the decoration of eggs and hanging them on trees, egg hunting, the rite of the Easter parade, the consumption of Easter candy, are among the celebrations of this early springtime holiday. Bunnies represent the ancient symbol of fertility and new life which is what represent the spring season.
Although in Switzerland some of these traditions fading away, the local population has started initiatives to help preserve them. Some of these traditions have also become tourist attractions and communal gatherings which enable people to come together, have a good time, and celebrate Easter.
Ascension – Thursday, 26 May 2022
1. Background
The feast of the Ascension marks the ascension of the Son of God, Jesus Christ, into heaven after his resurrection. Celebrated 40 days after Easter, Ascension Thursday not only marks the end of Jesus' earthly ministry, but also recalls the beginning of the apostles' ministry. Whether in Switzerland or elsewhere, the Ascension is celebrated on the same date, despite the different calendars for all Christians.
2. Today’s Customs
Very quickly, this feast became very important. In France, at the time of the concordat signed between Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII, the Ascension remained one of the four obligatory feasts along with Christmas, the Assumption and All Saints' Day. This means that even if these days do not fall on a Sunday, they are days off like Sunday. No work on these days, but great feasting and celebration in the churches!
Pentecost – Sunday, 5 June 2022
1. Background
Pentecost is a Christian celebration of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the fiftieth day after Easter on a group of disciples of Jesus of Nazareth, including the Twelve Apostles. This episode is recorded in the Acts of the Apostles in the Bible.
2. Today’s customs
Nowadays, Pentecost is not as widely celebrated as Easter. Only a few countries and a few Swiss cantons recognize it as a public holiday. The holiday is celebrated in the Orthodox Church as Pentecost or Holy Spirit Monday. The date in the Orthodox church calendar will differ from the Western church due to the different methods of calculating the date of Easter.
Conclusion
Although religion in Switzerland is becoming less and less prominent and most people may not know anymore what these days represent, tradition remains an important factor of the way of living within the Swiss culture. For example, in many cities around Switzerland, it was against the law to “party” or make excessive musical noise during Good Friday as it was considered a day of “mourning”. Nowadays, people use these opportunities to rest, take a break, spend time with family as these are official bank holidays in Switzerland.
本文转载自雷梭勒家族办公室，如有侵权，敬请告知删除。
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