发布时间：2021-08-16
想在瑞士乘风破浪，您需要了解这些
瑞士的大部分的城市都拥有绝世景观，青山环绕着碧水，湖泊清澈见底，湖水似水晶一般的明净，当地人都喜欢乘船徜徉于此美景画卷中。
然而，在购买船舶前，您需要考虑诸多问题，选择合适的船舶可不是件简单的事儿。比如，您将在何种水域用船，载客需求是多少，您是否需要进行水上活动（比如水橇滑水），还是您的需求仅限于乘船到湖中游泳，以便享受甲板上的惬意时光。
不论是小型船舶还是游艇，使用时都会产生一些固定开销。比如，泊位费用、牌照费用、保险费用、保养费和油费。每年的开销取决于船舶的大小、型号、停泊处和燃料类型。总的来说，一年的开销大约是船舶价值的10%。
同时，还有一些其他费用，比如船舶驾驶学校的学费，船舶驾驶教练的平均时薪为九十瑞郎。按照专业人士的建议，学习者需要八到十五节课才能掌握驾船技巧，总的学习费用大约在一千瑞郎左右。
一旦您决定买船，以下前提条件必须具备：
船泊位——（停船）港口
首先，您必须拥有一个停船泊位。对此，您有几种选择，比如港口泊位、干泊位或者直接将船停进私人车库。
港口泊位主要由当地政府机构管理，您必须直接联系他们以开启申请流程，您可以通过纳沙泰尔市政府的官方网站提交申请。
此外，您也可以直接通过独立网站或私人网站购买或租赁泊位。这种情况下，泊位转让或交易将直接在船主之间进行。
（纳沙泰尔湖沿岸泊位有关信息，请见文末图示）
船舶保险
如果船舶因失窃、火灾、碰撞出现损伤，或船主驾船时受伤，船舶保险能减少船主的经济损失。在瑞士，绝大多数船主都必须购买责任保险。当船舶出现损伤时，除责任保险外，全险或部分全险也可避免您承受经济后果。额外保险一般可对第三方提出的具体索赔提供保障，例如专门针对拖曳式划水者推出的保险。
此外，您进行船舶登记时，将需要提供一份有效期内的保单。
官方文件
我们为您列出了在纳沙泰尔购买和使用船舶所需要的材料：
全新船舶和进口船舶还需提供以下材料：
船舶保养
一艘船能够给您带来快乐，使您产生自豪感和幸福感，但您也需要对它进行保养，比如进行清洗、抛光、打捞上岸、防污、引擎维修、检修等工作。
船舶的定期保养能够保证其使用寿命和价值，是十分必要的。
纳沙泰尔湖边有几家公司，他们不仅有多年的船舶检修和保养经验，还有丰富的造船经验。他们有自己的船厂，能够将您的船带回船厂进行检修。
我们建议您每年至少做一次防冻处理、至少进行一次倾船维护。
燃料
不论您是船主还是租船者，燃料都是您必须要考虑的事情。为避免出现预料之外的费用，我们建议您在选择船舶类型时考虑燃料费用。需要注意的是，和车辆油耗一样，不同船舶的油耗程度不同。
以下为四种船用燃料：
您可在不同地方找到船舶加油站：
1. 为方便您给船加油，湖边一般会专设船舶加油站，操作简单，使用方便。
2. 您也可以在普通的船舶服务站预先购买汽油，并将其储存在特殊的燃料容器中。
下图为纳沙泰尔湖周边的船泊位及湖边加油站：
我们建议船主下载使用一个叫做BoatDriver Guide的手机APP。该APP适用于所有品牌的智能手机，它可以为您提供驾船时所需的一切信息，例如港口、锚地、加油站、厕所和警察局的有关信息。
有关在瑞士购船用船的更多信息，欢迎联系瑞士雷梭勒家族办公室：400-006-7726，info@lasoleille.com。
注：本篇为瑞士生活指南系列第13期——在瑞士使用游艇指南。
Original English Text
Owning a boat in Switzerland
While living in Switzerland, you may notice the beautiful sceneries that most cities have to offer. Within these amazing sightings are the lakes, crystal clear waters surrounded by mountains and enjoyed by the locals on their boats.
Choosing a boat is not always simple, it is much advisable to know precisely how you intend to use your future boat. Which type of water you would want to put it in, how many people will be on board, whether you would want to practice an active navigation (water skiing) or simply have a good time on board with a nice swim in the lake, are the main questions to answer before proceeding to a purchase.
Whether it's a small boat or a yacht, there are certain expenses that all boaters must cover. The docking (parking) space, license plates and the insurance are among the fixed costs. But maintenance and gasoline also must be paid for. In general, the amount of money spent per year depends on the size of the boat, its model, its home port and if it is run by fuel use. The total annual cost is estimated to be at 10% of the value of the boat.
Then there are also the costs to be amortized, such as the navigation license. Boat school instructors offer an average hourly rate of 90 francs. Professionals estimate between eight and fifteen lessons to be necessary to obtain the license, which brings the total value of the license to around a thousand swiss francs.
Once the boat has been chosen. The following requirements must be met:
Mooring place – Boat port (Parking):
First and foremost, a space to keep your boat must be guaranteed. There are several options for this such as harbor spaces, dry spaces or simply keeping the boat in personal vehicle garage.
The harbor places are mainly managed by the local authorities. They must be contacted directly to start such procedures. A request shall be sent to the city of Neuchâtel through their website.
It is also possible to buy or rent a parking space directly from an independent or private site. In this case it would be a transfer or exchange between two independent owners.
(Please find the different ports in the Neuchâtel Lake for parking at the end of article.)
Insurance:
Boat insurances protect the owner from the financial consequences of a loss or damages, surging from theft, fire, collisions, or personal injuries. In Switzerland, a liability insurance is mandatory for most boat owners. In addition to liability insurance, an all-risk or partial all-risk policy also covers damage to your own boat. Additional coverage options protect against specific claims from third parties, for example towed water skiers.
Additionally, to apply for the boat registration, you need a valid insurance.
Official documents:
Here are the different documents that will be required for the possession and use of your boat in Neuchâtel.
- Navigation permit
- Application for registration and engine documents according to the application for registration
- Anti-pollution certificate
- Declaration of conformity for certified boats
- A certificate of electronic liability insurance (only for motorboats and boats with a sail of more than 15 m2)
- A certificate of conformity for boats with a gas installation and/or an electrical installation of more than 24 volts
- A certificate of mooring from the port if your boat is parked there or from the Environment Department if your boat remains attached to a buoy on the public domain.
- Standard fee: The fee is levied on a flat-rate basis each year for the period from March 1st to the end of February of the following year, even if the boat is only used for part of the year. However, it is reduced by half for boats registered after September 1.
- Certificate of origin : Only for boats fabricated in Switzerland
If the boat is new or imported, the following documents are also required:
- The clearance certificate (form 15.10 for imported boats)
- The original certificate of conformity
- The user's manual
- The form for the registration and deletion of the number 178 for leased boats.
Maintenance:
Owning a boat means pleasure, pride and of course moments of pure happiness. But there are responsibilities to take care of such as cleaning the boat, polishing it, taking it out of the water, antifouling, servicing the engine, fixing what needs to be fixed, etc.
Regular care of your boat is essential to ensure its longevity and value.
Several companies on the lake of Neuchâtel, are at your disposal with their long years of practice, not only in revision and maintenance but also in boat building. These companies will carry out their services on your boat, back in their own workshops.
Don't forget to consider winterization or careening for your boat, we advise you to do these at least once a year.
Fuel:
Whether you are the owner of your boat or simply a renter, you will inevitably have to go through the "fuel" box. Indeed, before setting sail, we advise you to take into account the additional costs of your boat to avoid any unpleasant surprises. Note that, as for cars, each boat is different, and its fuel consumption varies according to several factors.
4 types of marine fuels:
- Fishing diesel (GOP): This is a high-quality diesel fuel is used by all vessels equipped with diesel engines, mostly used by professional fishing boats. It allows a better engine efficiency thanks to a high cetane number.
- Diesel Marine Leger (DML): It is the reference marine diesel fuel in the world. It is used by all ships equipped with diesel engines, especially pleasure boats.
- Blue essence SP98: Unleaded gasoline is intended for boats with a gasoline engine.
- Fuel Bunker/Cargo: It is used for large commercial vessels such as tankers, containers, ferries
Fuel can be acquired in several different locations:
1. In the gas stations specially designed for the use of boats. These are indeed fuel stations made easy for boat refueling, located at the water's edge, facilitating the technical procedure.
2. Gasoline can also be purchased in advance at common vehicle service stations and stored in special fuel containers.
Please find on the map of Neuchâtel Lake below the different locations for these fuel pontoons or marine fuel stations.
We recommend for every boat owner the free use of the application "BoatDriver Guide" available for smartphones of all brands. This application shows you all the information you need when you are on a boat trip, i.e. the different ports, anchorages, gas stations, toilets and even police stations.
本文转载自雷梭勒家族办公室，如有侵权，敬请告知删除。
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